For only using Godot for about three weeks, I'd say you have a better handle on it and game mechanics than a lot of people!
Game juice was great. Discards and flips felt really impactful. I'm a sucker for the CRT monitor effect so loved that as well.
At first I wasn't exactly sure how to play: even with the tutorial / how to play I still felt like I had to play a few rounds just to get a feel for the game. I did get my Jam Metagame progression so apparently I understood it enough with some time :)
I'm not sure how to say I thought the music was good but might not have been the right music for the game IMO. But that is really subjective.
Others have said it and I will repeat it: you might be on to something here. I think it's a pretty unique concept that you can scale up and polish.