It's just for display purposes it could be messy, but I don't think most of the ones I made longer could be made shorter. Sorry for this, as I know its kind of annoying fixing those bugs, but atleast you now know about the possibility of it going over the size limit of the box.
If you want I can translate it in both ways using a slash, but that will probably mess it up more. Ill translate it here (the small ones that are different from the big ones, if it gets used in the game, as your explanations seems to use those names as both variables, and setting names):
number_display -> nummerweergave
short_numbers -> korte nummers/ verkorte nummers (its dependant on the situation)
long_numbers -> lange nummers / volledige nummers (also dependant, one is direct translation, one is more normal, one is saying just long numbers, and the other one more like full numbers/ not short numbers)
save_settings --> instellingen opslaan
quit -> verlaten
locked -> gesloten/vergrendeld (gesloten = literal, vergrendeld is more common for games)
thousand -> duizend
exp_per_harvest -> ervaring per oogst (non short version of xp)
Rest is the same
Gl with the rest of the translations and game.