So I've tried cracking the puzzle for a few days now and I can't seem to make any headway, and I keep coming away with more questions than answers
I feel like the "clues" and text are too sparse to actually indicate anything meaningful and there's no proper path to decoding anything.
Did you actually test this on people that weren't developers and have you tried to solve it while thinking in another language (is it even expecting a specific language?)
There might be a language barrier here that is unaccounted for.