There definitely should be a 1080p option (because that's how we run it here). Are you sure you had Full Screen selected instead of Windowed? I believe Unity gives you a different set of resolutions (that are smaller than your native one) if you're on Windowed.
I didn't implement the sandstorm code, but I believe that they're not actually random (they'll appear at the same timing each time you play a level). We could definitely do a better job of informing the player about this though, whether through some kind of weather forecasting or something so that you have some time to prepare for them. Thank you for playing! :)