Hey there! You should be able to leave the basement back the way you entered, once you reach the end of the basement and got rid off the shackles. There will be a boss fight waiting for you at the entrance of the mansion after you leave the basement again. You can also remove any cursed equipment (shackles, bracelet etc.) by purchasing a specific item from the garden shop.

Should there be some kind of portal here? Because there isn’t one, and if it’s not through the portal and instead requires the slime dash, which I can’t use—and even if it were because of the bracelets (which I don’t think they are), I can’t take them off because I need that item you mentioned in the garden, but I have to reach the garden first and I can’t.
I don’t really mind restarting the whole game if it’s a major bug, but I wanted to ask just in case.
I guess it’s a bug, because when I took off the shackles, one of those pillars in the Hive Drone area "trapped me" (I got curious.). When I respawned at the last checkpoint, that’s where I took off the shackles, and when I went to the exit door, the wolf boss was there giving me the exact same dialogue as when I first arrived at the Hive Drone area.
It was as if the level had been reset, even though I had already completed it, making it impossible to complete the area again since I had already recovered my powers. That’s my theory, anyway.
This is definitely a bug, as there should be a platform once you finished the basement. I will look into this and see if I can find the trigger for this. You can fix this manually by editing the save file located in your local folder. Just set the "MansionMainProgress" variable to 10, which should make the platform appear and allow you to trigger the boss fight.