The link to the android version on the Play Store is broken, and searching for it on the app itself doesn't yield any results. Has the game been removed from Google Play? If so, is there any way to purchase the apk file?

It has been removed because the website the store page links to (molleindustria.org) contains sexual content (it doesn't really). I'm trying to get it reinstated by dropping the link, stay tuned:
https://twitter.com/molleindustria/status/1299343739505303554