No but you can get extra items (not the weapons but the support items) in purple and orange chests so you can go over the limit that way (and once you got them you can upgrade them... sometimes? Sometimes you need to find another chest with the item again for it to register that you should be able to level it up instead of giving you gold).
it's 6 weapons and 6 items by the way not 10 =p (and weapons typically go up to level 8 with a few exceptions, while the items often go to level 5 except duplicator I think which only goes to two, but is broken as fuck).
And yeah most of the levels beyon 60-ish are just gold/health. and most of them are obtained at the very end where you get shitton of xp if you've set things up correctly (enough damage to clear things, stacking bonus xp, attractor to grab the gems, and keeping bonus items around to grab as much as possible before the very end).