Decided to do a little testing before work and was pleasantly surprised. After doing a fresh install of v0.13.2 and applying the patch, the computer works completely fine, no bug. I then loaded the same save I used upon initial launch of game into v0.14 and attempted steps previously completed before initial discovery of bug and attempted again, and no bug occurs.
Apparently something was wrong with my previous installation, and didn't show itself until I attempted to patch to v0.14. I will test further as I progress through the game again in a new playthrough to see if I can replicate previous bug. Hopefully it was some simple error that I made when applying the patch to my previous installation, and not some obscure action I took in my first playthrough.
I still have all of my notes from previous playthrough, and will use them to replicate my new playthrough as closely as possible, testing the computer often to see if some seemingly minor choice was the culprit.