Hey there! You most likely will need root access on your device to access the game's files. Usually applications would store their data under Android/data, but that's not the case for Godot games. Or it may be also that, because the game itself is technically not "trusted" (downloaded from the official play store with all appropriate software signatures), it gets treated differently than regular apps and as such is not installed under the usual path. Either way, likely the best way to find the game files is to root your device. Looking up forum threads on where Godot stores its user:// path on Android may also help.
Also, in case you end up finding the save files themselves, they should in theory be fully compatible with the desktop versions of the game (this is not tested, but the save data has the same format everywhere).