Hey Seth,
Thanks for the post and log file - I've been getting a few reports of the Win10 version crashing on launch recently. I suspect it's a similar issue to the one you're experiencing (with the bundled Java version).
I'm using the libgdx packr + OpenJDK 7 to create the platform specific versions, with a few build-scripts so that it's as automated as possible. I should give launch4j another look though, it's been a while.
I'm considering switching to lwjgl3 and the Azul OpenJDK 8 builds in the next version of MewnBase, with the hope that it might clear up some of these issues :/