I believe I have found the issue. In the player.log file (link: https://pastebin.com/ya9Yh7zN) Was this:
"with device OpenGLCore is not supported, no rendering will occur"
You're using the Unity HDRP, which does not support OpenGL so you need to use Vulkan for the Linux version.
I tried forcing Vulkan myself "-force-vulkan" as a launch option, but I assume you've not built it with Vulkan in mind yet and so it crashes to the desktop (log link: https://pastebin.com/TuiKZJnE).