Yes to both, there are other countries and the military is there to deal with them if needed, but it also can be used to twart terrorists/rebels. Though the army would only intervene in larger threats, smaller things would be handled by the police.
Are the borders the same as modern day?
That I will not spoil :3
Will we eventually see a world map?
I might draw one at some point, but it won't be in the immediate future.
