Congratulations on your first jam entry! I think that you managed to create a delightful little game, which is really a great feat considering your level of experience. Don't worry too much about the fact, that you're having trouble with understanding the solutions that you implement in your game. I'm told that people much more experienced than you or I routinely face the same issue. Also, I can assure you that it gets a lot better with experience. Like with most other things, if you want to get better you have to 'put in the reps'. Ludum Dare is just around the corner, it's pretty much 'the' goto jam for most people, and it might offer you an interesting challenge by forcing you to make a game in 72h instead of two weeks. Anyway, I wish you good luck with your next project!