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You can also read additional information about the rules of the game here - https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Дурак_(карточная_игра)

The card game Durak (“Fool”) originated in Russia in the 18th century. The earliest known reference appears in the 1790s manual on card games The Calculating Card Player, where it was described as “the game of little fools.” At first, the game was popular mainly among peasants and common folk. The aristocracy preferred other games of the time, such as L’Hombre (18th century), Boston (early 19th century), Preference (19th century), and Whist (late 19th–early 20th century).
By the 20th century, however, Durak had become the most popular card game across the former Soviet republics, surpassing Preference and Painted Poker.
The name itself has no special meaning—the word durak (“fool”) was one of the most common insults in Russia. The whole idea of the game was to avoid being left as “the fool.” The earliest version was played with simple rules (“simple durak”), but later two main variants appeared: “podkidnoy” (throw-in durak) and “perevodnoy” (transfer durak). These new forms only increased the game’s popularity.
Other special variants also emerged, such as piki pikami (“spades by spades”), where spades can only be beaten by spades and diamonds are always trumps, sometimes nicknamed the “Japanese” variant. Over time, around 80 more versions were invented, including round durak, in which the top card on the table must be beaten by the next player in turn, or alternatively the bottom card on the table may be taken instead.
Not all variants have clear dates of origin—or even well-defined names—but together they show just how flexible and enduring the game has been throughout history.