How does your submission match the theme?
Almost everything in the game serves multiple purposes.

Your ammunition is your health, propulsion, and weapon. It can blast missiles or lasers on your tail, or destroy obstacles when a shot is charged up. Firing it also warms your ship back up and staves off the cold, and the amount left at the end of the track determines choice of upgrades.
The asteroids serve as obstacles, can shield you from enemy shots, and can sometimes drop refills or boost pads when destroyed.
The turrets endanger the player, and can also destroy asteroids to clear the path.
The customer resets the track, and gives the player a choice of "upgrade."

All this allows the game to have some degree of depth, even with only one button.

Third-party resources
GameMaker: Studio 1.4
Famitracker
BFXR

Contributors
Andy Imm